Home Articles Operating mode Automatic Transmission
Position to start - the machine is in place, the engine is not running. No pressure system , oil supply is not happening. Working fluid at this time distributed by the pallet , and the torque converter channels ECU automatic gearbox . The pallet is approximately half of the accumulating fluid , but in some designs, automatic gearbox , this number may be up to 0.8 times the total volume. Elements of planetary gears in the box are not blocked .
Start position - the engine is starting, but the box lever is in the neutral position. In this case, a working pressure of the system (and its creation occurs gradually ) , which is formed due to the rotation of the oil pump , the engine crankshaft and the torque converter . Despite this, the actuators are not yet operational , as in the neutral position of the selector lever operating pressure is not available. Stator torque converter also blocked because the speed of the oil pump more than the turbine. If you want to increase the life of the gearbox , it is best when starting the engine for a while to drive him to the neutral position to catch up with working pressure up to acceptable parameters . In older transmissions or those systems that were long without use, it is especially important , as abrupt changes of pressure can damage the automatic transmission .
The first phase of the movement - selector gearbox translates into drive position . At this time the pressure is increased and its operating parameters reach , which makes it possible to start transmission of the first actuator . That, in turn , blocks the ring gear planetary gear set , but the movement is not due to lack of operating pressure required to operate the discharge valve . In addition , the gear is not fully locked by the same reason . At this time, a torque converter stator directed only to multiply the torque , as he himself is currently in the locked state . When pressed the gas pedal , pressure increases, and it becomes sufficient for the functioning of the discharge valve . He started, and the car starts to move .
Acceleration of the vehicle. Selector gearbox remains in the drive , but the stator torque converter is still in the locked position . With a centrifugal regulator fed to the input of the valve block , and as soon as the operating pressure exceeds the design features of the corresponding transmission , there is a transition to the next transmission. For this trigger other actuators that provide planetary gear unit series. Pressure is reduced to an acceptable constructive by opening the bypass valve actuators previous transmission . However, they again turned off , and it becomes impossible to simultaneous action of two gears at once. Of course, in some models of automatic gearboxes that could happen due to impurities in the working fluid , disrupt the valve block . In this case, automatic transmission may be damaged , but most often it is connected only with older versions - new models lock mode provides simultaneous transmissions .
Even operation of the vehicle. Gearbox selector in the " Ride " , but aligned turbine speed and torque converter pump , which differed when the engine starts . After a given rotation speed equal to the parameters provided by the rotation of the stator. Transmission remains in its position due actuators retaining elements planetary gear set . If for some time working pressure remains steady, without jumps , the torque converter is locked , increasing engine efficiency and simultaneously save him from hydraulic damping .
Mode " kick down ". Triggering this mode depends on whether you have an old box of a gear or not. The fact that in the earlier models run mode with a special sensor that downshifts with a sharp increase in the inlet pressure sensor in the valve block . The new models are based on electronics , so triggering " kick downs " depended on the analysis of the dynamics of clicking on the " e " gas pedal. This takes into account the fact that in the higher gear torque converter is locked rigidly during uniform motion , and with a decrease in transmission occurs his release. By blocking its stator.
Reduced speed. After the pressure is reduced on the gas pressure decreases and the inlet of the valve block . Further, there may be two ways : if it falls below this appropriate transmission , then it switches to a lower gear in the other case no switching occurs . When slowing down the transfer process can be described as a reverse phase " Acceleration " - a sequence of switching actuators takes exactly the opposite .
Reverse car. Transmission selector switches to full reverse , if you managed to shift gears . The fact that if there is a pressure sensor of the centrifugal regulator is reverse gear can not be accomplished . At the time of the switching pressure on it should be zero : if the carrier in one of the planetary gear sets is blocked , including reverse. The position converter is dependent on the model of the box : in older models, it can not be locked , while in the new gear boxes it is usually fixed .
All the above operating modes automatic gearboxes , but there are additional features . Usually they are laid as a marketing upgrade gearbox , while its design is practically unchanged . These modes are:
1 , 2, 3 - a mode where a driver can select only the first , second or third gear . In order to transmit the rest could not be included , and their actuators are blocked. Most often, this mode is used when riding constrained (eg, rain or snow ) or when towing - then shifting to higher speeds undesirable.
Winter mode - another marketing mode, which is getting rid of wheel spin when the car starts moving with a slippery surface . When the clutch is not enough for optimal drive vehicle starts immediately with the second transmission , since by including winter mode startup raises additional pressure relief valve . Thus, the pressure at the beginning of the movement starts to structural features correspond to the second gear and the shift from the place of rubbing occurs.
Sport Riding - mode , when the box is switched to the next gear at high engine speeds. In this case, when accelerating the car is moving faster, and the tab on the lower transmission changing. New Transmission regulate action mode electronically, while old boxes just reduce the throttle pressure and increase it to a centrifugal regulator.
Manual mode - otherwise known manualnym . In this case, shifting responsibility of the driver . To this mode become possible , there must be an electronic control system input signals from the valve block . When switching driver simulated artificial transmission signal which is transmitted to the equipment , and included the parameters corresponding to the selected driver. In addition , there are embodiments with a certain level pressure . If the pressure on one gear exceeds the threshold allowed for it , it all depends on the design : some boxes automatic overdrive , while others do not block the automatic switching to high , leaving only the possibility of reducing or increasing the manual . Naturally, no such action is possible electronics .
The manual control - is a clear sign that the automatic transmission is controlled by electronic pulses , in addition to this, there is the ability to adjust the gearbox under the mode of driving the car owner .
